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http://wildlifeimages.smugmug.com/Animals/swine/babirusa/11020391_VzGUT#1412797785_BnzVcb9
Many animals inhabiting this world are noted for their beauty, intelligence, or some other redeeming quality that sets them apart from hundreds of other similar species. On the contrary, some animals are noted for their grotesque appearances. Of these, the North Sulawesi Babirusa, Babyrousa celebensis, probably deserves the title of the ugliest mammal on the planet.
The North Sulawesi Babirusa is a primitive species of pig that lives only on the island of Sulawesi, a part of Indonesia. The species is notable due to the large, curved tusks that protrude abruptly from the faces of males. These tusks are modified canines and their purpose is still largely unknown.
Many other aspects of Babirusa life are also unknown. In fact, until recently, all Babirusas were lumped under one species. Now, scientists know that several subspecies exist and genetic work is still being done to determine if there are even more. The North Sulawesi Babirusa is one of the more vulnerable species, but it is also the one usually kept in captivity.
This means that more people are familiar with this subspecies than any other and that much of what is known about Babirusas has been based upon observations of the North Sulawesi Babirusa in particular.
http://www.north-sulawesi.org/bolmong.html
The North Sulawesi Babirusa dwells in the northeastern part of mainland Sulawesi, as well as on the offshore island, Lembeh. The habitat of this species is tropical rainforest that grows along water courses, especially those with abundant water plants.
These plants are a large source of nutrition for North Sulawesi Babirusas although, in addition to plant material, they will occasionally eat small mammals. Unlike most other pigs, the Babirusa does not usually root for plant tubers and prefers to use its strong jaws to break open fallen nuts.
When they aren’t feeding, Babirusas travel around the forest in groups of up to eight individuals. During one of Sulawesi’s frequent rain showers, individual Babirusas construct nests as shelter and females also are capable of constructing nests, though this is primarily for raising their young.
The North Sulawesi Babirusa typically has only one or two young at a time and the gestation period is normally about 155 days. Such a small litter size indicates a low level of natural predation on the species, but that does not factor in the many threats humans pose.
Like practically every pig species on the planet, North Sulawesi Babirusas are subject to a good amount of hunting pressure. Though not hunted as often as their relative, the Warty Pig, Babirusas are becoming more and more vulnerable to hunting due to human encroachment on their once-isolated natural habitat.
Logging in Sulawesi, as in most other places in Indonesia, has decimated natural Babirusa populations and research has shown that the Babirusa is normally one of the first mammals to go when an area is opened up for logging. Intensive hunting and habitat destruction are the two largest threats to the species and now threaten the North Sulawesi Babirusa’s continued survival. Fortunately, steps have been taken to help alleviate some of these threats.
http://www.dailyindonesia.com/news/top/2010/10/un-seals-historic-treaty-to-protect-threatened-ecosystems.php
Many populations of the North Sulawesi Babirusa are found in or near protected areas on the island. Protecting a creature’s natural environment is usually the best first step towards safeguarding it for future generations of humans to enjoy, and the Indonesian government has done a great job of doing just that.
Unfortunately, hunting has not declined enough for many Babirusa populations to recover since the population of financially-strapped humans in Sulawesi has been growing steadily. People will do anything it takes to survive and care for their families and, until their needs are addressed, the North Sulawesi Babirusa will probably continue to decline in number.
The only reason it hasn’t disappeared in many areas is that many humans in Sulawesi attach mythical beliefs to the unusual Babirusa due to its bizarre appearance. As the population grows and immigrants from other areas arrive, these beliefs could be lost and the Babirusa may continue to be hunted indiscriminately across its range.
Captive breeding has been successful and provides insurance for natural populations that may become extirpated in the future, but the best option would be to provide food alternatives to locals and continue to protect the natural habitat of the species.
This won’t be easy, but inroads have been made as more people outside Indonesia have become aware that the species exists. An animal as hideous as the North Sulawesi Babirusa may not garner the most sympathy from many people, but it is a fascinating member of our natural world and even the ugliest animals deserve all the help they can get.
http://animales–asombrosos.blogspot.com/2010/03/babirusa-babyrussa-babyrussa_31.html
Work Cited
Macdonald, Alastair. Pigs, Peccaries, and Hippos Status Survey and Action Plan: The
Babirusa. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, 1993. Print
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